2018年全国普通高考英语科试题及参考答案_英语_2000年以后试题_四川高考题_四川印象

2018年全国普通高考英语科试题及参考答案

来源：四川省地方志工作办公室发布时间：2019-05-31 12:56:27 浏览次数：次【字体：小大】

2018年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅲ卷）

听力试题

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例: How much is the shirt?

A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.

答案是C.

1. What does John find difficult in learning German?

A. Pronunciation. B. Vocabulary. C. Grammar.

2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers？

A. Colleagues. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student.

3. Where does the conversation probably take place？

A. In a bank. B. At a ticket coffee. C. On a train.

4. What are the speakers talking about？

A. A restaurant. B. A street. C. A dish.

5. How does the woman think of her interview?

A. It was tough. B. It was interesting. C. It was successful.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. When will Judy go to a party?

A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday.

7. What will Max do next?

A. Fly a kite. B. Read a magazine. C. Do his homework.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. What does the man suggest doing at first?

A. Going to a concert. B. Watching a movie. C. Playing a computer game.

9. What do the speakers decide to do?

A. Visit Mike. B. Go boating. C. Talk a walk.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. Which color do cats see better than humans?

A. Red. B. Green. C. Blue.

11. Why do cats bring dead birds home?

A. To eat them in a safe place.

B. To show off their hunting skills.

C. To make their owners happy.

12. How does the man sound at the end of the conversation?

A. Grateful. B. Humorous. C. Curious.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. Who is Macy?

A. Ed’s mother. B. Ed’s teacher. C. Ed’s friend.

14. How does Ed usually go to kindergarten?

A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bus.

15. What does Ed enjoy doing at the kindergarten?

A. Telling stories. B. Singing songs. C. Playing with others.

16. What do the teachers say about Ed?

A. He’s clever. B. He’s quiet. C. He’s brave.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. At what age did Emily start learning ballet?

A. Five. B. Six. C. Nine.

18. Why did Emily move to Toronto?

A. To work for a dance school.

B. To perform at a dance teacher.

C. To learn contemporary dance.

19. Why did Emily quit dancing?

A. She was too old to dance.

B. She failed to get a scholarship.

C. She lost interest in it.

20. How does Emily feel about stopping training?

A. She’s pleased. B. She’s regretful. C. She’s upset.

2018年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅱ）

听力试题答案及原文

【参考答案】

1-5CABAC 6-10 BBACC 11-15 ABABC 16-20 ABCCA

听力原文：

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

Text 1W: So, how is your German class going, John? M: Well, not bad. The pronunciation is fine with me, and its vocabulary is similar to English. But I’m finding the grammar awful. W: Well, it takes a while to get it right.

Text 2W: I hope you can come to the party on Saturday. M: I didn’t know I was invited. W: Sure you are. Everyone in our office is invited.

Text 3W: May I help you? M: Yes. When is the next train to London? W: Oh, let me check. It leaves in twenty minutes. M: One ticket, please.

Text 4W: Charlie, do you know a restaurant called Bravo?M: Bravo...I know the name. But I’m not sure where it is.W: It’s on George Street. The food there is excellent.

Text 5W: Brian, I just had an interview. They said they would make a decision soon.M: What are your chances of getting the job?W: Quite good. I think the interview went very well.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

Text 6M: Let’s go kite flying, Judy. It’s such a lovely day.W: Okay, but let me finish my chemistry homework first. Would you mind waiting for half an hour, Max? There are a few sports magazines on the table.M: Isn’t the chemistry homework due next Wednesday?W: Yeah, but I have a full day of classes on Monday and a birthday party to attend on Tuesday.M: All right, then. You go ahead, and I’ll catch up on some sports news while waiting.

Text 7W: We’ve been on the computer all the time lately. Why don’t we do something different Sunday afternoon?M: Well, we could go to a concert.W: But I don’t think we can get the tickets this late.M: Then what about playing a computer game? There’s a really cool new one we could download.W: Hmm,I don’t know. I feel like I need to do some exercise. We could probably just walk by the lake, and I’ll ask Mike to join us.W: That sounds like fun. Let’s do it!

Text 8W: Welcome to our program, Dr Peterson. Let’s see what questions we’ve got for you today. Here’s one: Can cats see color?M: Sort of. In the wild, many cats hunt at night because their eyes are designed for low light. Your cat can’t see bright colors such as red and green. But it picks up more shades of blue, yellow, and gray than humans do.W: And why do cats give dead birds to their owners?M: When your cat drops a dead bird at your feet, she isn’t bringing you a present. Most cats just drag food home because it’s a safe place to eat. A cat’s mom also brings home things to her children to help them practice hunting. So, a female cat without children may bring these “treats” to her owner instead. You may not like them, but at least you don’t have to write her a thank-you note.

Text 9W: How is little Ed doing at the kindergarten, Jack?M: Oh, he’s doing fairly well. It’s been three weeks since he first started going, so Macy and I are pretty used to it now. You should have seen Macy cry when Ed was about to set off on the first day, though.W: I think that’s a normal reaction for mothers. You live quite close to the kindergarten, don’t you? How does he get there?M: Macy walks there with him every morning unless the weather is bad. When it rains, they’ll drive.W: And is Ed enjoying kindergarten?M: Yeah, he loves to have other kids to play with.He keeps telling us things they do together.W: What do the teachers at the kindergarten say about him?M: They said he’s bright, and that he’s starting to learn how to tell time. Isn’t that fantastic?W: That is fantastic. It sounds like everything goes well.

Text 10

My name is Emily. I had been a dancer for quite a long time. I started studying ballet when I was six years old. By the time I was nine, I was dancing five days a week. When I was eighteen, I decided that I really preferred contemporary dance and that I wanted to do it professionally. So I applied successfully for the training program at the school of Toronto Dance Theatre, and moved to Toronto to attend the program. That was the period of time I enjoyed most in Toronto. I graduated on scholarship and danced professionally for ten years. But after all, those years, I found that dance was gradually becoming something that felt like more of a burden than a joy. I found myself increasingly unwilling to drag myself to dance performances, so I quit. I do miss dance, often. But it makes me happy think that I’ll never have to go to another training session again.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Welcome to Holker Hall & Gardens

Visitor Information

How to Get to Holker

By Car：Follow brown signs on A590 from J36, M6.Approximale travel times:

Windermere—20 minutes, Kendal—25 minutes, Lancaster—45 minutes, Manchester—1 hour 30 minutes.

By Rail: The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster Preston for connections to major cities & airports.

Opening Times

Sunday—Friday (closed on Saturday)11:00 am—4:00pm,30th March—2nd November.

Admission Charges

Hall & Gardens Gardens

Adults: £12.00 £8.00

Groups £9 £5.50

Special Events

Producers’ Market13th April

Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.

Holker Garden Festival30th May

The event celebrate its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening.

National Garden Day28th August

Holker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.

Winter Market8th November

This is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.

21.How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?

A.20minutes. B.25 minutes. C.45 minutes. D.90 minutes.

22.How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit to Hall & Cardens?

A.£12.00.B.£9.00. C.£8.00. D.£5.50.

23.Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show?

A. Producers’ Market. B. Holker Garden Festival.

C. National Garden Day. D. Winter Market.

B[来源:

Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness(荒野). But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.

Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went there for gold. They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warming. An avalanche(雪崩) once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.

But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. Today, people still come and go — to see where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City — its present population is 762.

24. What attracted the early settlers to New York City?

A. Its business culture.B. Its small population.[来]

C. Its geographical position.D. Its favourable climate.

25. What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?

A. Two-thirds of them stayed there.B. One out of five people got rich.

C. Almost everyone gave up.D. Half of them died.

26. What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?

A. They found the city too crowded.B. They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.

C. They were unable to stand the winter.D. They were short of food.

27. What is the text mainly about?

A. The rise and fall of a city.B. The gold rush in Canada.

C. Journeys into the wilderness.D. Tourism in Dawson.

While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.

Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu, a 49-year-old Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize — which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture — on February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.

Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA). His office is located at the Xiangshan campus(校园) of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.

The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves(曲线) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.

Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements(元素).

Wang’s works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.

Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums. “That is only evidence that traditions once existed,” he said.

“Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created,” he said.

“Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are,” said Wang.[来源:学K]

The study of traditions should be combined with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said.

28. Wang’s winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are ___________.

A. following the latest world trendB. getting international recognition

C. working harder than ever beforeD. relying on foreign architects

29. What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most?

A. Its hilly environment. B. Its large size.

C. Its unique style. D. Its diverse functions.

30. What made Wang’s architectural design a success?

A. The mixture of different shapes.B. The balance of East and West.

C. The use of popular techniques.D. The harmony of old and new.

31. What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang?

A. Spread them to the world. B. Preserve them at museums.

C. Teach them in universities. D. Recreate them in practice.

Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.

I found the pre-holidays a good time to encourage young children to donate less-used things, and it worked. Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness. She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund(基金) (our kindergarten daughter is serious about becoming a doctor).

For weeks, I’ve been thinking of bigger, deeper questions: How do we make it a habit for them? And how do we train ourselves to help them live with, need, and use less? Yesterday, I satwith my son, Shepherd, determined to test my own theory on this. I decided to play withhim with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest. I expected that one toy wouldkeep his attention for about five minutes, ten minutes, max. I chose a red rubber ball—simple,universally available. We passed it, he tried to put it in his mouth, he tried bouncing it, rollingit, sitting on it, throwing it. It was totally, completely enough for him. Before I knew it anhour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch.

We both became absorbed in the simplicity of playing together. He had my full attentionand I had his. My little experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us.

32. What do the words “more is more” in paragraph 1 probably mean?

A. The more, the better. B. Enough is enough.

C. More money, more worries. D. Earn more and spend more.

33.What made Georgia agree to sell some of her objects?

A. Saving up for her holiday B. Raising money for a poor girl

C. Adding the money to her fund D. Giving the money to a sick mother

34. Why did the author play the ball with Shepherd?

A. To try out an ideaB. To show a parent's love

C. To train his attentionD. To help him start a hobby

35.What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Take It or Leave It B. A Lesson from Kids

C. Live More with Less D. The Pleasure of Giving

第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow,life and death, and everything else in between.

36 We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time.

“I adore dancing,” says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I can’t imagine doing anything else with my life.” Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. “Teaching dance is wonderful. 37 It’s great to watch them. For many of them, it’s a way of meeting people and having a social life.”

38 “I can tell you about one young couple,” says Bridges. “They’re learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. 39 ”

So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says,“Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better. 40 I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I’m alive.”

A. So why do we dance?

B. Dance in the U.S.is everywhere.

C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.

D. My older students say it makes them feel young.

E. I keep practicing even When I’m extremely tired.

F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.

G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.

第三部分　语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say “sorry, 41 number!” and move on. But when Dennis Williams 42 a text that clearly wasn’t intended for him, he did something 43 .

On March 19, Dennis got a group text 44 him that a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital, waiting for the 45 of a baby.

“Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken,” Dennis 46 . The baby was born and update texts were 47 quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa. In her 48 , she didn’t seem to realize that she was 49 the baby’s photos with a complete stranger.” “Well, I don’t 50 you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby,” replied Dennis before asking which room the new 51 were in.

Much to the family’s surprise, Dennis stuck to his 52 ! He turned up at the hospital 53 gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindsey’s husband was totally 54 by the unexpected visit. “I don’t think we would have randomly invited him over but we 55 it and the gifts.”

Teresa 56 a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website 57 by the touching words: “What a 58 this young man was to our family! He was so 59 and kind to do this.” The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days.

41. A. unlucky B. secret C. new D. wrong

42. A. received B. translated C. copied D. printed

43. A. reasonable B. special C. necessary D. practical

44. A. convincing B. reminding C. informing D. warning

45. A. wake-up B. recovery C. growth D. arrival

46. A. responded B. interrupted C. predicted D. repeated

47. A. coming in B. setting out C. passing down D. moving around

48. A. opinion B. anxiety C. excitement D. effort

49. A. comparing B. exchanging C. discussing D. sharing

50. A. accept B. know C. believe D. bother

51. A. parents B. doctors C. patients D. visitors

52. A. dream B. promise C. agenda D. principle

53. A. bearing B. collecting C. opening D. making

54. A. discouraged B. relaxed C. astonished D. defeated

55. A. admit B. need C. appreciate D. expect

56. A. found B. selected C. developed D. posted

57. A. confirmed B. simplified C. clarified D. accompanied

. A. pity B. blessing C. relief D. problem

59. A. smart B. calm C. sweet D. fair

60. A. sympathy B. attention C. control D. trust

第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

I’m not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees asthe male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel 65 (challenge).

My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a 66 (science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.

When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 (they) alive. True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: “I’m king of this forest, and here is your reminder!” Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay)and watch.

第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait tosee who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, “The classroom is a place for learning and that include leaning from textbooks, and mistake as well.” Immediate, I raised my hand.[来源:学科网]

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。请给他回信，内容包括：

1. 学校的体育场馆；

2. 主要的运动项目；

3. 你喜欢的项目。

注意：

1. 词数100左右：

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

2018年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅲ卷）

参考答案与试题解析

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Welcome to Holker Hall & Gardens

Visitor Information

How to Get to Holker

By Car：Follow brown signs on A590 from J36, M6.Approximale travel times:

Windermere—20 minutes, Kendal—25 minutes, Lancaster—45 minutes, Manchester—1 hour 30 minutes.

By Rail: The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster Preston for connections to major cities & airports.

Opening Times

Sunday—Friday (closed on Saturday)11:00 am—4:00pm,30th March—2nd November.

Admission Charges

Hall & Gardens Gardens

Adults: £12.00 £8.00

Groups £9 £5.50

Special Events

Producers’ Market13th April

Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.

Holker Garden Festival30th May

The event celebrate its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening.

National Garden Day28th August

Holker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.

Winter Market8th November

This is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.

21.How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?

A.20minutes. B.25 minutes. C.45 minutes. D.90 minutes.

22.How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit to Hall & Cardens?

A.£12.00.B.£9.00. C.£8.00. D.£5.50.

23.Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show?

A. Producers’ Market. B. Holker Garden Festival.

C. National Garden Day. D. Winter Market.

【分析】本文属于广告类阅读，作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了去霍尔克可以参加的一些活动以及活动介绍．

【解答】DBD

21. D．细节理解题，根据第一段 Follow brown signs on A590 from J36, M6.Approximale travel times: Windermere—20 minutes, Kendal—25 minutes, Lancaster—45 minutes, Manchester—1 hour 30 minutes.可知从曼彻斯特开车去霍尔克大概需要多90分钟，故选D．

22．B．细节理解题，根据Grope: Hall & Gardens :￡9.00；Gardens:￡5.50可知一个团队的成员到大厅和花园参观需要9英镑，故选B．

23．D．细节理解题，根据最后一段Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment．可知在冬季市场你可以在各种各样的商店里游逛，一边享受礼物，一边欣赏现场音乐表演和漂亮的街头娱乐，故选D．

【点评】本文浅显易懂，各个小题都能在文中找到适当依据．只要认真阅读短文，注意前后联系，就能顺利完成阅读．文章所设试题主要考察细节查找，做题关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查小题和原文的异同．

B[来源:

24. What attracted the early settlers to New York City?

A. Its business culture.B. Its small population.[来]

C. Its geographical position.D. Its favourable climate.

25. What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?

A. Two-thirds of them stayed there.B. One out of five people got rich.

C. Almost everyone gave up.D. Half of them died.

26. What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?

A. They found the city too crowded.B. They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.

C. They were unable to stand the winter.D. They were short of food.

27. What is the text mainly about?

A. The rise and fall of a city.B. The gold rush in Canada.

C. Journeys into the wilderness.D. Tourism in Dawson.

【分析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了Dawson这个城市的兴衰过程．

【解答】CBBA

24. C．细节理解题，根据第一段People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River．可知人们定居在这些地方，因为他们很容易到达，很自然地适合于通信和贸易，由此可知吸引了早期移民到纽约是因为它的地理位置，故选C．

25．B．推理判断题，根据第二段Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4, 000 got rich．可知在前20,000名为黄金挖的人中，有4, 000人获得了财富．即五个人中有一个发财了，故选B．

26．B．推理判断题，根据最后一段The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in setting down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come．可知他们离开这个城市是因为城市中的金子都被找到了，他们想去其他地方碰碰运气，故选B．

27．A．主旨大意题，通读全文可知作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了Dawson这个城市的兴衰过程，故选A．

【点评】做本题时，首先通过浏览全文，可知本篇文章缺少的应是每一部分的小标题；因此需要通读每一段的内容并提炼出它们的中心思想，最后结合备选项，然后选出正确答案．

Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums. “That is only evidence that traditions once existed,” he said.

The study of traditions should be combined with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said.

28. Wang’s winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are ___________.

A. following the latest world trendB. getting international recognition

C. working harder than ever beforeD. relying on foreign architects

29. What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most?

A. Its hilly environment. B. Its large size.

C. Its unique style. D. Its diverse functions.

30. What made Wang’s architectural design a success?

A. The mixture of different shapes.B. The balance of East and West.

C. The use of popular techniques.D. The harmony of old and new.

31. What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang?

A. Spread them to the world. B. Preserve them at museums.

C. Teach them in universities. D. Recreate them in practice.

【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲了获得诺贝尔建筑奖的中国建筑师王树的建筑风格，他的作品表现出对现代建筑的深刻理解和对传统过的深刻认识，创造了一种新的中国建筑，他认为传统的研究应该和实践相结合，否则传统的再创造将是认为的和空洞的．

【解答】BCDD

28. B．推理判断题．根据文章第二段中的“Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu a 49-year-old Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture prize

—which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture—on February 28”可知中国的建筑师得到了世界的承认，因此答案选B．

29． C．细节理解题．根据文章第四段的前两句话“The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types”可知，游客对象山CAA校园印象最深的是它的风格，由此可知答案选C．

30．D．推理判断题．根据文章第六段中的“Wang’s works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture,” said Tadao Ando.可知，新旧和谐使王的建筑设计成功，由此可知答案选D．

31．D．推理判断题．根据文章的最后一段“The study of traditions should be combined with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said” 可以推出中国的传统要在实践中进行创新，否则传统的再创造将是人为的和空洞的，由此可知答案选D．

【点评】考查社会文化类阅读理解．这类题材是高考常考的内容，主要考查考生对文章整体内容的把握以及细节的理解，做题时要结合题干及上下文做出合理推理确定答案．

We both became absorbed in the simplicity of playing together. He had my full attentionand I had his. My little experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us.

32. What do the words “more is more” in paragraph 1 probably mean?

A. The more, the better. B. Enough is enough.

C. More money, more worries. D. Earn more and spend more.

33.What made Georgia agree to sell some of her objects?

A. Saving up for her holiday B. Raising money for a poor girl

C. Adding the money to her fund D. Giving the money to a sick mother

34. Why did the author play the ball with Shepherd?

A. To try out an ideaB. To show a parent's love

C. To train his attentionD. To help him start a hobby

35.What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Take It or Leave It B. A Lesson from Kids

C. Live More with Less D. The Pleasure of Giving

【分析】本文属于记叙文阅读，作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了生活中的东西应该更多一点还是更少一点．

【解答】ACAC

32. A．词义猜测题，根据第一段 Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings？为什么我们经常假设孩子们的所有物越多越好．故选A．

33．C．推理判断题，根据第二段Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness. She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund （基金）（our kindergarten is serious about becoming a doctor）可知格鲁吉亚同意出售她的一些物品是因为作者许诺把钱投入她的学校基金里，故选 C．

34．A．细节理解题，根据第三段Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined to test my own theory on this. 可知作者和Shepherd一起玩球是为了测试他的理论，故选A．

35．C．主旨大意题，通读全文可知作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了生活中的东西应该更多一点还是更少一点，故选C．

第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow,life and death, and everything else in between.

36 We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time.

38 “I can tell you about one young couple,” says Bridges. “They’re learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. 39 ”

A. So why do we dance?

B. Dance in the U.S.is everywhere.

C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.

D. My older students say it makes them feel young.

E. I keep practicing even When I’m extremely tired.

F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.

G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.

【分析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了在美国跳舞是很常见的，几乎任何地方都可以看见跳舞的人．

【解答】BDAFE

36. B．细节理解题，根据后文We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea我们跳舞从佛罗里达州到阿拉斯加，从北到南，从海到海，可知跳舞在美国到处都是，故选 B．

37．D．细节理解题，根据前文Teaching dancing is wonderful．教授舞蹈是完美的，因此后文应该与我的学生有关，即我的年纪大的学生说这使他们感到年轻，故选D．

38．A．细节理解题，根据后文“I can tell you about one young couple,” says Bridges. “They’re learning to traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. 一对夫妇正在学习传统舞蹈，他们情绪低落地来到教室，微笑着离开，这是解释一些人学习舞蹈的原因，因此为那我们为什么跳舞呢？故选A．

39．F．细节理解题，根据前文They’re learning to traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. 他们正在学习传统舞蹈，他们情绪低落地来到教室，微笑着离开，跳舞似乎完全改变了他们的感情，故选F．

40．E．细节理解题，根据后文I find it hard to stop! 我发现很难停下来，由此可知前文应为舞蹈使我非常疲倦，我也坚持练习．故选E．

第三部分　语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

On March 19, Dennis got a group text 44 him that a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital, waiting for the 45 of a baby.

41. A. unlucky	B. secret	C. new	D. wrong
42. A. received	B. translated	C. copied	D. printed
43. A. reasonable	B. special	C. necessary	D. practical
44. A. convincing	B. reminding	C. informing	D. warning
45. A. wake-up	B. recovery	C. growth	D. arrival
46. A. responded	B. interrupted	C. predicted	D. repeated
47. A. coming in	B. setting out	C. passing down	D. moving around
48. A. opinion	B. anxiety	C. excitement	D. effort
49. A. comparing	B. exchanging	C. discussing	D. sharing
50. A. accept	B. know	C. believe	D. bother
51. A. parents	B. doctors	C. patients	D. vistors
52. A. dream	B. promise	C. agenda	D. principle
53. A. bearing	B. collecting	C. opening	D. making
54. A. discouraged	B. relaxed	C. astonished	D. defeated
55. A. admit	B. need	C. appreciate	D. expect
56. A. found	B. selected	C. developed	D. posted
57. A. confirmed	B. simplified	C. clarified	D. accompanied
58. A. pity	B. blessing	C. relief	D. problem
59. A. smart	B. calm	C. sweet	D. fair
60. A. sympathy	B. attention	C. control	D. trust

【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过丹尼斯的故事告诉我们，收到错发短信并非置之不理那么简单，有心人如果分析短信的内容，会发现其中的问题，如果采取必要而及时的行动，将会带来巨大的正能量．

【解答】41-45 DABCD 46-50 AACDB

51-55 ABACC 56-60DDBCB

41．D．考查形容词及语境理解．根据前文unknown person可知，当我们大多数人收到陌生人的短信时，通常会说："抱歉，号码错（wrong）了"．unlucky 意为"不幸运的"，secret 意为"秘密的"，new 意为"新的"，均不符合文意．故正确答案为D．

42．A．考查动词及语境理解．根据第二段首句的got可知，Dennis Williams 收到（receive）明显错发的信息时，做了不同的反应．translate 意为"翻译"，copy 意为"复制"，print 意为"印刷"，均不符合文意．故正确答案为A．

43．B．考查形容词及语境理解．根据第三段可知，Dennis Williams 收到明显不是发给自己的信息时，做了点特别的（special）回应．reasonable 意为"理智的"，necessary 意为"必要的"，practical 意为"实用的"，均不符合文意．故正确答案为B．

44．C．考查动词及语境理解．根据短信的内容可知，在3月19日这一天，Dennis 收到了一条群发消息，消息里告知（inform）他，一对他并不认识的夫妇正在医院等待孩子的出生．convince 意为"说服"，remind 意为"提醒"，warn 意为"警告"，均不符合文意．故正确答案为C．

45．D．考查名词及语境理解．根据下文The baby was born 可知，消息里告知他，一对他并不认识的夫妇正在医院等待孩子的来临（arrival）．wake-up 意为"唤醒"，recovery 意为"恢复；痊愈"，growth 意为"成长"，均不符合文意．故正确答案为D．

46．A．考查动词及语境理解．结合文意，Dennis 给收到的信息回复（respond）："恭喜！但是我觉得搞错人了．interrupt 意为"打断"，predict 意为"预言"，repeat 意为"重复"，均不符合文意．故正确答案为A．

47．A．考查动词短语及语境理解．A项，come in "进来"．B项，set out "出发"．C项，pass down "传承"．D项，move around "走来走去；绕着……来回转"．根据前文update texts 可知，关于这个孩子的最新信息不断从他欣喜若狂的祖母那里传来（come in from）．故正确答案为A．

48．C．考查名词及语境理解．根据前文overjoyed可知，祖母当时沉浸在激动之情（excitement）当中，浑然不知自己倾诉错了对象．opinion 意为"观点"，anxiety 意为"焦虑"，effort 意为"努力"，均不符合文意．故正确答案为C．

49．D．考查动词及语境理解．根据下文take pictures with the baby可知，激动的祖母似乎不知道自己正在跟一个陌生人分享（share）自己孙儿的照片．compare 意为"比较"，exchange 意为"交换"，discuss 意为"讨论"，均不符合文意．故正确答案为D．

50．B．考查动词及语境理解．根据句中的stranger可知，Dennis 回复信息说，"虽然我并不认识（know）你们，但是我会去那儿跟宝宝一块合照．accept 意为"接受"，believe 意为"相信"，bother 意为"打扰"，均不符合文意．故正确答案为B．

51．A．考查名词及语境理解．根据前文a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital, waiting for the 45 of a baby可知，Dennis 回复短信然后问及那对新进父母在哪间病房．doctor 意为"医生"，patient 意为"病人"，visitor 意为"访客"，均不符合文意．故正确答案为A．

52．B．考查名词及语境理解．根据前文 but I will get there to take pictures with the baby可知，让全家人惊讶的是，Dennis 坚守他的承诺（promise）． dream 意为"梦，梦想"，agenda 意为"议程"，principle 意为"原则，准则"，均不符合文意．故正确答案为B．

53．A．考查动词及语境理解．根据下文but we 55 it and the gifts可知，他出现在医院把礼物送给（bear）新妈妈 Lindsey 和她的儿子．collect 意为"收集，收藏"，open 意为"打开"，make 意为"制作"，均不符合文意．故正确答案为A．

54．C．考查动词及语境理解．根据下文the unexpected visit可知，Lindsey 的丈夫被这突如其来的到访惊到（astonish）了．discourage 意为"使沮丧"，relax 意为"使放松"，defeat 意为"击败"，均不符合文意．故正确答案为C．

55．C．考查动词及语境理解．结合文意，"我"没想到"我们"能这么随意地就请得到他，但"我们"对此很感激（appreciate），也很感谢他的礼物．admit 意为"承认"，need 意为"需要"，expect 意为"期待"，均不符合文意．故正确答案为C．

56．D．考查动词及语境理解．根据下文 on a social networking website可知，Teresa 上传（post）了这张意外碰面的照片到社交网站上．find 意为"发现"，select 意为"挑选"，develop 意为"发展"，均不符合文意．故正确答案为D．

57．D．考查动词及语境理解．结合文意，Teresa 上传了这张意外碰面的照片到社交网站上，还配了（accompany）一句感人的话．confirm 意为"确认"，simplify 意为"简化"，clarify 意为"澄清，净化"，均不符合文意．故正确答案为D．

58．B．考查名词及语境理解．结合文意，这个男孩对于"我们"家来说是多大的恩赐（blessing）啊．pity 意为"遗憾"， relief 意为"缓和，缓解"，problem 意为"问题"，均不符合文意．故正确答案为B．

59．C．考查形容词及语境理解．结合文意，他做这些事是多么温馨（sweet）和善良啊．smart 意为"聪明的"，calm 意为"冷静的"，fair 意为"公平的"，均不符合文意．故正确答案为C．

60．B．考查名词及语境理解．根据下文receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days可知，这张照片得到了来自世界各地的社交媒体用户的关注（attention）．sympathy 意为"同情"，control 意为"控制"，trust 意为"信任"，均不符合文意．故正确答案为B．

【点评】近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高．做完型填空首先要通读全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容．千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致．选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．

第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

【分析】本文讲述我是一个研究动物的科学家，比如猿和猴子．还讲述了我和大猩猩相遇及相处的情况．

【解答】

61．who，考查宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，逗号后面是me or the gorilla，并且后文用her来指代猩猩，将其拟人化了，因此用"who"．

62．the，考查固定搭配，at the top of在…的顶端．

63．loudest，考查最高级，后面有表示范围的词of all，所以用最高级．

64．looking，考查动名词，avoid doing sth避免做某事．

65．challenged，考查形容词，作表语，表示"被挑战的"，所以用过去分词．

66．scientist，考查名词，后跟定语从句，关系词用who，所以先行词为人．

67．for，考查固定搭配，search for寻找．

68．them，考查人称代词，作宾语，所以用宾格代词．

69．meant，考查时态，描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态．

70．to stay，考查不定式，allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事．

【点评】本题主要考查了用单词或短语的适当形式填空．做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识．本题考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等．因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识．

第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

【分析】本文讲述我想起父亲的话"教室是一个学习的地方，包括从课本中学习，也包括错误．"克服害羞心理，在写作课上朗读自己的文章．

【解答】It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager ∧take part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework, but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, “The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks, andmistake as well. Immediate, I raised my hand．

1．begin改为begun，考查时态，用过去分词和had构成过去完成时态．

2．wait改为waiting，考查现在分词，句子主语和wait自己是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语．

3．and改为or，考查连词，表示他或她的，所以用or连接．

4．eager后面加to，考查固定搭配，be eager to do sth急切地想做某事．

5．myself改为my，考查形容词性物主代词，修饰名词用形容词性物主代词．

6．去掉that，考查固定搭配，be afraid to do sth不敢做某事．

7．larger改为large，考查形容词，a large group of people一大群人．

8．include改为includes，考查主谓一致，主语为that，所以用第三人称单数谓语．

9．mistake改为mistakes，考查名词的数，mistake为可数名词，所以用复数泛指．

10．immediate改为immediately，考查副词，修饰动词用副词．

【点评】1．先通读全文．认真阅读短文，在做题之前确保已经弄清原文大意．注意文章中上下文的逻辑关系是否正确，时态、人称、主谓、指代等是否一致．

2．聚焦出题热点、综合运用所学语言知识，分句（注意以句子为单位而不是以行为单位）对不同的错误情况进行分析和回答（即改词、加词或减词）．

3．再次通读全文，校对自己的改正是否正确．一般各种改错的方式都应该用到，如果出现了某一种改法（如加词、减词等）没有用到，要考虑自己的改错应该有问题，要对刚才不是很有把握的行进行推敲．在自己认为正确的行后划勾，并且校对其他行改正的符号是否准确，大小写是否拼写正确（这点同学们很容易忽视）．如果某一行有两种改错方式要推敲哪一种是最佳改法．

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。请给他回信，内容包括：

1. 学校的体育场馆；

2. 主要的运动项目；

3. 你喜欢的项目。

注意：

1. 词数100左右：

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

【分析】本篇书面表达属于英文书信，根据提示信息要求给Peter回信，介绍一下你校学生体育运动情况．写作时仔细阅读有关提示，弄清试题提供的所有信息，明确要点：1．学校的体育场馆；2．主要的运动项目；3．你喜欢的项目．写作时根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态；就本文而言应该用一般现在时态，人称使用第一人称．还要注意使用固定短语，高级词汇和句式，以增加文章的亮点．

高分句型一：

To begin with, a fabulous new stadium has been built up, which has become the new landmark in our school.

首先，一座非凡的新体育馆已经被建成，它已经成为我们学校的地标．

这句话使用主从复合句，a fabulous new stadium has been built up是主句，which引导非限制性定语从句．

Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports events are able to be held, of which Pingpong, football as well as running competitions enjoy great popularity.

还有，随着体育馆的建成，各种各样的体育活动也能够举行，其中有乒乓球，足球还有跑步比赛很受欢迎．

这句话使用with复合结构，主句是a wide range of sports events are able to be held, of which引导非限制性定语从句．

【解答】

Dear Peter,

I am exceedingly delighted to hear from you. You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school and the following information may give you a rough sketch. To begin with, a fabulous new stadium has been built up, which has become the new landmark in our school.（介绍体育场馆）（高分句型一）Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports events are able to be held, of which Pingpong, football as well as running competitions enjoy great popularity.（主要运动项目）（高分句型二）As for me, I’m intoxicated with basketball since it has been giving me strength to confront the challenges in my life.（你喜欢的项目）All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.

Yours

Li hua

【点评】考查提纲类书面表达：这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来．动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题．本作文中给出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次．特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化．平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果．

来源：四川省地方志工作办公室

终审：何晓波

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2018年全国普通高考 英语科试题及参考答案

2018年全国普通高考英语科试题及参考答案